{"id":2483,"date":"2021-08-24T13:17:54","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T05:17:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/counseling.sa.ntnu.edu.tw\/?p=2483"},"modified":"2023-02-24T09:48:07","modified_gmt":"2023-02-24T01:48:07","slug":"%e7%8f%8d%e8%a6%96%e4%bd%a0%e5%85%a7%e5%bf%83%e7%9a%84%e5%af%b6%e8%97%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/counseling.sa.ntnu.edu.tw\/en\/%e7%8f%8d%e8%a6%96%e4%bd%a0%e5%85%a7%e5%bf%83%e7%9a%84%e5%af%b6%e8%97%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u73cd\u8996\u4f60\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u5bf6\u85cf"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u64b0\u6587-\u8cf4\u6021\u81fb\">\u64b0\u6587\/\u8cf4\u6021\u81fb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u300c\u773e\u88cf\u5c0b\u4ed6\u5343\u767e\u5ea6\uff0c\u9a40\u7136\u56de\u9996\uff0c\u90a3\u4eba\u537b\u5728\uff0c\u71c8\u706b\u95cc\u73ca\u8655\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u4e00\u95d5\u8a5e\u4e2d\u6240\u5c0b\u627e\u7684\u300c\u90a3\u500b\u4eba\u300d\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u5fc3\u4e2d\u71b1\u60c5\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u5728\u832b\u832b\u4eba\u6d77\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7e3d\u671f\u5f85\u627e\u5c0b\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u5c0d\u7684\u4e8b\u3001\u6210\u5c31\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u7684\u5922\u3002\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7aae\u6975\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5411\u5916\u6c42\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5bb9\u6613\u6d88\u8017\u8207\u9060\u96e2\u8ddd\u96e2\u6211\u5011\u6700\u8fd1\u3001\u6700\u771f\u5207\u4e5f\u6700\u81ea\u5728\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u4e9b\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u512a\u52e2\u8cc7\u6e90\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u5feb\u6a02\u4e5f\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u5145\u5be6\u8207\u5713\u6eff\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u5f88\u591a\u9762\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8207\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u7368\u4e00\u7121\u4e8c\u3001\u7121\u6cd5\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u5011\u5167\u5728\u64c1\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u80fd\u529b\u8207\u7279\u8cea\u4e5f\u662f\uff0c\u5c0d\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u4e4b\u7a31\u70ba\u5bf6\u85cf\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5bf6\u85cf\u80fd\u5920\u4f34\u96a8\u6211\u5011\u5ea6\u904e\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u7684\u8d77\u4f0f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5e78\u798f\u512a\u52e2\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e5f\u90fd\u7b49\u8457\u88ab\u6211\u5011\u300c\u8003\u9a57\u300d\u8207\u300c\u5be6\u8e10\u300d\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u73cd\u8cb4\u7684\u5bf6\u85cf\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u516d\u628a\u91d1\u9470\u5319\uff0c\u5728Seligman(2011)\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u8cc7\u6e90\u6709<strong>\u667a\u6167\u8207\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u52c7\u6c23\u3001\u4eba\u9053\u8207\u611b\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u6b63\u7fa9\u3001\u7bc0\u5236\u3001\u8d85\u8d8a<\/strong>\u516d\u5927\u985e\u5225\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u5225\u70ba\u5927\u5bb6\u8209\u4f8b\u4ecb\u7d39\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-heading ultp-block-eeb61c\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-heading-wrap ultp-heading-style16 ultp-heading-left\"><h2 class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong>\u667a\u6167\u8207\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u9470\u5319<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64c1\u6709\u9019\u628a\u9470\u5319\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u62b1\u6301\u8457\u597d\u5947\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u65bc\u65b0\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u62b1\u6301\u7684\u958b\u653e\u7684\u80f8\u895f\u53bb\u63a5\u53d7\u4ed6\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6703\u559c\u6b61\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b0\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u628a\u9470\u5319\u4e5f\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u5011\u8b39\u614e\u4ed4\u7d30\u7684\u628a\u4e8b\u60c5\u6aa2\u8996\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u80fd\u5920\u4f7f\u7528\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u660e\u8fa8\u662f\u975e\u3002\u7576\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u8868\u73fe\u8207\u8ffd\u6c42\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u628a\u9470\u5319\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u627e\u5230\u8207\u773e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u5275\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u8df3\u812b\u6846\u67b6\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u8207\u4eba\u4e92\u52d5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e36\u8457\u9019\u628a\u9470\u5319\u80fd\u8b93\u4f60\u66f4\u80fd\u9ad4\u5bdf\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u8207\u52d5\u6a5f\u3001\u4e5f\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u81ea\u6211\u7701\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-heading ultp-block-5b8f7c\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-heading-wrap ultp-heading-style16 ultp-heading-left\"><h2 class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong><strong>\u52c7\u6c23\u7684\u9470\u5319<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64c1\u6709\u9019\u628a\u9470\u5319\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u9762\u81e8\u975e\u5e38\u60e1\u52a3\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5805\u5fcd\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u529b\u4f86\u9762\u5c0d\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u9ad8\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6311\u6230\u53ef\u80fd\u4f86\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5167\u5728\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u6ce2\u703e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982:\u6050\u61fc\u3002\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u523b\u82e6\u6642\uff0c\u52c7\u6c23\u80fd\u5e36\u6211\u5011\u5805\u6301\u539f\u4f86\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u6975\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u9054\u6210\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u52c7\u6c23\u4e5f\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u771f\u646f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u771f\u8aa0\u7684\u9762\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u771f\u8aa0\u5f80\u5f80\u5e36\u8457\u5be6\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:66px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1621439618935-393718c5db0f?ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8&amp;ixlib=rb-1.2.1&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=crop&amp;w=1050&amp;q=80\" alt=\"\" width=\"1100\" height=\"733\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:69px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-heading ultp-block-5ad72a\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-heading-wrap ultp-heading-style16 ultp-heading-left\"><h2 class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong><strong><strong>\u4eba\u9053\u8207\u611b\u7684\u9470\u5319<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64c1\u6709\u9019\u628a\u9470\u5319\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8207\u4eba\u76f8\u8655\u6703\u986f\u5f97\u4ec1\u6148\u8207\u6177\u6168\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u975e\u5e38\u73cd\u60dc\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u89aa\u5bc6\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u540c\u6642\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u611b\u8207\u88ab\u611b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-heading ultp-block-6fac30\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-heading-wrap ultp-heading-style16 ultp-heading-left\"><h2 class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong><strong><strong><strong>\u516c\u5e73\u6b63\u7fa9\u7684\u9470\u5319<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64c1\u6709\u9019\u628a\u9470\u5319\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u5718\u9ad4\u4e2d\u80fd\u5920\u5fe0\u8aa0\u7684\u6295\u5165\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5c0d\u5718\u968a\u6709\u6240\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u5728\u5718\u968a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u6b32\u5b8c\u6210\u5718\u9ad4\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8207\u968a\u53cb\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4eba\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5728\u5f85\u4eba\u8655\u4e8b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e00\u8996\u540c\u4ec1\uff0c\u516c\u79c1\u5206\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-heading ultp-block-2c95e0\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-heading-wrap ultp-heading-style16 ultp-heading-left\"><h2 class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>\u7bc0\u5236\u7684\u9470\u5319<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64c1\u6709\u9019\u628a\u9470\u5319\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u5408\u5b9c\u7684\u3001\u8b19\u865b\u7684\u8868\u9054\u51fa\u4f60\u7684\u611b\u597d\u548c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u7b49\u5f85\u6a5f\u6703\u53bb\u6eff\u8db3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u50b7\u5bb3\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u3001\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u885d\u52d5\u6709\u9069\u7576\u7684\u8abf\u63a7\u3002\u5728\u5f85\u4eba\u8655\u4e8b\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u6703\u986f\u73fe\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u8b39\u614e\uff0c\u6709\u9060\u898b\uff0c\u4e0d\u592a\u5bb9\u6613\u505a\u51fa\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u5f8c\u6094\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u5728\u6709\u6240\u6210\u5c31\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u50be\u5411\u5be7\u53ef\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u523b\u610f\u5c0b\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-heading ultp-block-482e2f\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-heading-wrap ultp-heading-style16 ultp-heading-left\"><h2 class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong>\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u9470\u5319<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64c1\u6709\u9019\u628a\u9470\u5319\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u505c\u4e0b\u8173\u6b65\u4f86\u611f\u53d7\u751f\u6d3b\u5468\u906d\u7684\u7f8e\u597d\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u751f\u6d3b\u5145\u6eff\u71b1\u60c5\uff0c\u7e3d\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u4e26\u52a0\u4ee5\u6b23\u8cde\u3001\u611f\u6069\u8207\u8b9a\u7f8e\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\u8207\u6210\u9577\u7279\u5225\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u672a\u4f86\u4fdd\u6301\u6a02\u89c0\uff0c\u4e26\u559c\u6b61\u628a\u6b61\u6a02\u5e36\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u6703\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u6709\u8457\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u660e\u767d\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5929\u5730\u9593\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u969b\u76f8\u8655\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7e3d\u6703\u9078\u64c7\u5bec\u6055\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u5831\u4ec7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u64c1\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0a\u54ea\u4e9b\u73cd\u8cb4\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u5bf6\u85cf\u5462\uff1f\u6216\u8a31\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u6642\u9593\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u78ba\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u4e0a\u7dca\u63e1\u7684\u9470\u5319\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u5920\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u662f\u2014\u9019\u4e9b\u9470\u5319\u90fd\u7b49\u5f85\u8457\u6211\u5011\u53bb\u5c0b\u627e\u3001\u6253\u9020\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u958b\u555f\u6211\u5011\u751f\u547d\u65c5\u9014\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300a\u9081\u5411\u5713\u6eff\u300b (Martin E.P. 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