{"id":2625,"date":"2021-08-25T13:49:28","date_gmt":"2021-08-25T05:49:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/counseling.sa.ntnu.edu.tw\/?p=2625"},"modified":"2023-02-23T16:17:26","modified_gmt":"2023-02-23T08:17:26","slug":"%e8%b7%9f%e8%91%97%e6%84%9f%e8%a6%ba%e8%b5%b0%e3%80%81%e8%88%87%e6%84%9f%e8%a6%ba%e5%85%b1%e8%88%9e%e8%ab%87%e6%83%85%e7%b7%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/counseling.sa.ntnu.edu.tw\/en\/%e8%b7%9f%e8%91%97%e6%84%9f%e8%a6%ba%e8%b5%b0%e3%80%81%e8%88%87%e6%84%9f%e8%a6%ba%e5%85%b1%e8%88%9e%e8%ab%87%e6%83%85%e7%b7%92\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8ddf\u8457\u611f\u89ba\u8d70\u3001\u8207\u611f\u89ba\u5171\u821e~\u8ac7\u60c5\u7dd2"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u64b0\u6587-\u9ec3\u6dd1\u82ac\">\u64b0\u6587\/\u9ec3\u6dd1\u82ac<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:55px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p 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class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong>\u754c\u5b9a\u60c5\u7dd2<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u60c5\u7dd2\u662f\uf9fd\u9ebc\uff1f\u5f35\u6625\u8208(1999)\u6307\u51fa\u60c5\u7dd2\u662f\u500b\u9ad4\u53d7\u5230\u67d0\u7a2e\uf9ff\u6fc0\u5f8c\uff0c\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u8eab\u5fc3\u6fc0\u52d5\uf9fa\u614b\u3002\u59da\u7aef\u7dad\u3001\u9673\u82f1\u548c\u3001\u8d99\u5ef6\u82b9(2004)\u8a8d\u70ba\u60c5\u7dd2\u5177\u6709\u5efa\uf9f7\u3001\u7dad\u6301\u548c\u6539\u8b8a\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u5916\u754c\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7c21\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u60c5\u7dd2\u662f\u7531\u5916\u5728\uf9ff\u6fc0\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u7684\u662f\u60c5\u7dd2\u662f\u6709\u7368\u7279\u6027\u548c\u8f49\u8b8a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6703\u56e0\u4eba\u3001\u4e8b\u3001\u6642\u3001\u5730\u3001\u7269\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u7684\uf9fa\u6cc1\u800c\u6709\u6240\u8f49\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\uf92d\uf96f\uff0c\u60c5\u7dd2\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u6b63\u5411\u60c5\u7dd2\u548c\u8ca0\u5411\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u6b63\u5411\u60c5\u7dd2\u5982:\u6109\u5feb\u3001\u95dc\u611b\u3001\u540c\u60c5\u3001\u9a55\u50b2\u3001\u5e0c\u671b\u3001\u6eff\u8db3\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u8ca0\u5411\u60c5\u7dd2\u5206\u70ba\uf978\u7a2e\uff0c\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027(constructive)\u548c\u975e\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027(unconstructive)\uff0c\u6216\u7a31\u70ba\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8ca0\u5411\u60c5\u7dd2\u548c\uf967\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8ca0\u5411\u60c5\u7dd2\u3002\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8ca0\u5411\u60c5\u7dd2\u5305\u62ec:\u64d4\u5fc3\u3001\u50b7\u611f\u3001\u907a\u61be\u3001\u5f8c\u6094\u3001\u5931\u671b\u3001\u95dc\u5fc3\u4eba\u969b\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7fa8\u6155\uff1b\uf967\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8ca0\u5411\u60c5\u7dd2\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7126\u616e\u3001\u6cae\u55aa\u3001\u7f6a\uf9b9\u611f\u3001\u7f9e\u6065\u3001\u6c23\u61a4\u3001\u53d7\u50b7\u3001\u60b2\u89c0\u7684\u3001\u731c\u7591\u7684\u5ac9\u5992\u548c\uf967\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7fa8\u5992(\u6b66\u81ea\u73cd\uff0c1997)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60c5\u7dd2\uf967\u5168\u7136\ufa26\u662f\u8ca0\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8ca0\u9762\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u4e5f\u6709\u4ed6\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\uf9b5\u5982\u9069\ufa01\u7684\u64d4\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u907f\u514d\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u8868\u73fe\uff1b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7fa8\u6155\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5e36\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u52aa\uf98a\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\ufa0a\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0a\uff0c\u60c5\u7dd2\u662f\u5982\u5f71\u96a8\u5f62\u7684\u8ddf\u8457\u6211\u5011\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f71\u97ff\u8457\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u6c38\u9060\u7121\u6cd5\u64fa\u812b\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u7121\u6cd5\u64fa\u812b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u60c5\u7dd2\u548c\u5e73\u76f8\u8655\uff0c\u5584\u7528\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u505a\u9069\u7576\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u8868\u9054\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div 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class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong><strong>\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u60c5\u7dd2\u4e26\uf967\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8a72\u88ab\u907f\u514d\u6216\u5ffd\uf976\u7684\u9ebb\u7169\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u89ba\u5bdf\u548c\u77ad\u89e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u505a\u51fa\u9069\u7576\u7684\ufa08\u70ba\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60c5\u7dd2\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u591a\u8a0a\u606f\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u544a\u77e5\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u8eab\u8655\u5371\u96aa\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u754c\u9650\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u5b64\uf9f7\u7121\u63f4\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u60c5\u7dd2\u4e5f\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u8b8a\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u505a\u51fa\u9069\u7576\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\uf9b5\u5982\u5bb3\u6015\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u9000\u7e2e\uff1b\u751f\u6c23\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u52c3\u7136\u5927\uf960\uff1b\u60b2\u50b7\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u66ab\u6642\u5c01\u9589\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5f9e\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u77ad\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u5011\uf967\u65b7\u7684\u627e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u6700\u9069\u914d\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u60c5\u7dd2\u4e5f\u53ef\u5354\u52a9\u89ba\u5bdf\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u81c9\u90e8\u8868\u60c5\u548c\u8072\u97f3\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u800c\u654f\u92b3\u7684\u89ba\u5bdf\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u77ad\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4eba\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7d93\u71df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:55px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-heading ultp-block-cfbfac\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-heading-wrap ultp-heading-style16 ultp-heading-left\"><h2 class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong><strong><strong>\u60c5\u7dd2\u7ba1\uf9e4<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e0a\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u60c5\u7dd2\u662f\u5f88\u6709\uf98a\uf97e\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u6211\u5011\u6703\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u88ab\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u537b\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7576\u60c5\u7dd2\uf92d\u6642\u5982\u4f55\u9069\u7576\u7684\u7ba1\uf9e4\u548c\u8f49\u63db\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63d0\u51fa\u9762\u5c0d\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u56db\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-heading ultp-block-8fe509\"><div 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class=\"ultp-heading-inner\"><span><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>\u8f49\u63db\u5fc3\u60c5<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\uf9ea\u958b\u73fe\u5834\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a66\u8457\u900f\u904e\u904b\u52d5\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7fd2\u6163\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f49\u63db\u5fc3\u60c5\uff0c\uf967\u8981\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5728\u4f4e\uf918\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-heading ultp-block-a1d9c9\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-heading-wrap ultp-heading-style2 ultp-heading-left\"><h2 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class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60c5\u7dd2\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u9846\u8df3\u52d5\u7684\u7403\uff0c\u597d\u7684\u6295\u624b\u80fd\u6536\u653e\u81ea\u5982\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6536\u653e\u81ea\u5982\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6295\u624b\u4e5f\u662f\u7d93\u904e\uf967\u65b7\u7684\uf996\u7fd2\u548c\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7576\u60c5\u7dd2\uf92d\u6642\uf967\u8981\u6015\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u900f\u904e\u89ba\u5bdf\u548c\uf996\u7fd2\uff0c\u5f9e\u8a8d\uf9fc\u60c5\u7dd2\u3001\uf9e4\u89e3\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u5230\u80fd\u7ba1\uf9e4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u8ddf\u60c5\u7dd2\u597d\u597d\u76f8\u8655\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:55px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uf96b\u8003\u8cc7\uf9be<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Windy Dryden (1997) 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