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\u64b0\u6587\uff0f\u5289\u5b88\u6046<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\u4f60\u662f\u8d70\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u55ce\uff1f<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5ead\u8207\u597d\u53cb\u76f8\u7d04\u800c\u884c\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u5206\u9053\u63da\u9463\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u770b\u4f86\u662f\u500b\u60b2\u50b7\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6700\u7d42\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u56ae\u5f80\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u6f38\u6f38\u892a\u53bb\u524d\u5f80\u81ea\u5df1\u771f\u6b63\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u6c89\u91cd\u5916\u6bbc\u3002\u5f9e\u6545\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u616e\u524d\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u76f8\u7d04\u524d\u5f80\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u8e49\u8dce\u6b72\u6708\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u672a\u80fd\u8d70\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u56e0\u7d20\u53eb\u4f5c\u300c\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u9694\u56e0\u7d20\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u9694\u56e0\u7d20<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u9694\u56e0\u7d20\u5462\uff1fSwanson&Woike(1997)\u5c07\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u9694\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u500b\u9ad4\u5728\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u9762\u81e8\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u9020\u6210\u751f\u6daf\u767c\u5c55\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u500b\u9ad4\u7121\u6cd5\u767c\u63ee\u6f5b\u80fd\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u767c\u5c55\u4e0a\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5b78\u7fd2\u8fa8\u8a8d\u81ea\u5df1\u53ef\u80fd\u906d\u9047\u7684\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u7919\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u6211\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6daf\u81ea\u6211\u6548\u80fd\u611f\u3002\u95dc\u6c38\u99a8\uff082012\uff09\u66fe\u6574\u7406\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u610f\u5fd7\u8584\u5f31\uff1a\u751f\u6daf\u9078\u64c7\u6613\u53d7\u4ed6\u4eba\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u6295\u5165\u6642\u7684\u6bc5\u529b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6539\u8b8a\u81ea\u5df1\u771f\u6b63\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u751f\u6daf\u767c\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u7336\u8c6b\u884c\u52d5\uff1a\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u672c\u8eab\u88ab\u52d5\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u81ea\u4fe1\u3001\u64d4\u5fc3\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u9072\u9072\u672a\u63a1\u53d6\u8207\u751f\u6daf\u767c\u5c55\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u8cc7\u8a0a\u63a2\u7d22\uff1a\u672a\u80fd\u7a4d\u6975\u53bb\u641c\u96c6\u76f8\u95dc\u7522\u696d\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u6216\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u53d6\u5f97\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
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  5. \u65b9\u5411\u9078\u64c7\uff1a\u5c0d\u66fe\u505a\u904e\u7684\u751f\u6daf\u6289\u64c7\u611f\u5230\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u6216\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u591a\u9078\u64c7\u4e0d\u77e5\u5982\u4f55\u8457\u624b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. \u79d1\u7cfb\u9078\u64c7\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u8b80\u7684\u79d1\u7cfb\u4e26\u975e\u81ea\u5df1\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u6216\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. \u5b78\u7fd2\u72c0\u6cc1\uff1a\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u679c\u4e0d\u6eff\u610f\u800c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8ca0\u5411\u6548\u61c9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. \u5b78\u7fd2\u56f0\u64fe\uff1a\u5728\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e0a\uff0c\u8207\u540c\u5b78\u6216\u7570\u6027\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8ca0\u5411\u6548\u61c9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. \u6c7a\u7b56\u5e72\u64fe\uff1a\u6307\u6c7a\u7b56\u6642\u53d7\u8a55\u50f9\u3001\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5e72\u64fe\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    London\uff081993\uff09\u66fe\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u82e5\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u8fa8\u8b58\u3001\u5617\u8a66\u8abf\u6574\u3001\u7a81\u7834\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u7919\uff0c\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u7919\u53cd\u800c\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u529b\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u6709\u4e86\u63a2\u7d22\u52d5\u529b\u8207\u8fa8\u8b58\u963b\u64cb\u81ea\u5df1\u524d\u884c\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u5927\u81bd\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u8d70\u51fa\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u800c\u8d70\u7684\u8def\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/div>\n\n\n

    \u5316\u5371\u6a5f\u70ba\u8f49\u6a5f<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

    \u7d9c\u5408\u674e\u745e\u84c9\uff082009\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\uff0cLondon\uff081993\uff09\u6307\u51fa\u96a8\u8457\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u9694\u5f37\u5ea6\u589e\u5f37\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u5f37\u5ea6\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u6703\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5f71\u97ff\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a55\u50f9\u548c\u8655\u7406\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u6cd5\u8ca0\u9762\u3001\u4e8b\u60c5\u53ef\u63a7\u611f\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u4e0d\u591a\u7b49\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u4ed4\u7d30\u601d\u8003\u8a55\u50f9\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6703\u7522\u751f\u9ad8\u5fa9\u539f\u529b\/\u652f\u6301\u6027\u4e14\u5177\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u61c9\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6216\u7522\u751f\u5982\u9003\u907f\u3001\u5426\u8a8d\u3001\u8f49\u79fb\u3001\u9000\u5316\u3001\u6297\u62d2\u6027\u8a55\u50f9\u7b49\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u7834\u58de\u6027\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u56e0\u61c9\u6703\u8b93\u4eba\u6aa2\u6838\u81ea\u5df1\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u901a\u5f80\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u5f9e\u4e2d\u5b78\u7fd2\uff1b\u800c\u4e0d\u826f\u56e0\u61c9\u65b9\u5f0f\u6703\u4f7f\u963b\u9694\u6301\u7e8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/div>\n\n\n

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      \n
    1. \u6539\u8b8a\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4f9d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u8207\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u9078\u64c7\u5982\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u5925\u4f34\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u5c0b\u6c42\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u5617\u8a66\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u70ba\u4e26\u9a57\u8b49\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u5c0b\u6c42\u652f\u6301\u3001\u5c0b\u6c42\u8aee\u5546\u5354\u52a9\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u6539\u8b8a\u5c0d\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u9694\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u5617\u8a66\u601d\u8003\u3001\u91d0\u6e05\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u56f0\u5883\u4e2d\u5e38\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u5617\u8a66\u8207\u751f\u6daf\u963b\u9694\u56e0\u7d20\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u4e8b\u3001\u7269\u4e92\u52d5\u6e9d\u901a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u57f9\u990a\u751f\u6daf\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u3002\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u3001\u770b\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u512a\u7f3a\u9ede\u3001\u767c\u73fe\u5bb9\u6613\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u8a62\u554f\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u3001\u597d\u53cb\u4ee5\u5217\u8209\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u512a\u7f3a\u9ede\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b78\u7d0d\u81ea\u5df1\u8868\u73fe\u826f\u597d\u3001\u8868\u73fe\u5931\u5e38\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u5171\u540c\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      <\/div>\n\n\n

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      <\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n

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